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Tulostoma lloydii

[ Basidiomycetes > Agaricales > Agaricaceae > Tulostoma . . . ]

by Michael Kuo

Among the species of Tulostoma that are not usually found in sandy soil or in deserts, Tulostoma lloydii is an eastern North American species, distinct in having smooth spores, a mouth that is not tubular, and a membranous outer skin (which quickly sloughs away).

Description:

Ecology: Presumably saprobic; growing alone, scattered, or gregariously in woods, or in waste places with woody debris and plant debris; summer and fall; east of the Great Plains.

Spore Case: 6-10 mm across; more or less round, with a flattened bottom when mature; outer skin dark, quickly sloughing away to reveal the paler, paper-like inner skin; underside socket-like and flattened, usually displaying the darker remains of the outer skin; developing a more or less apical, finely hairy opening that is initially surrounded by a somewhat raised area.

Spore Mass: Yellowish, becoming cinnamon brown and powdery with maturity.

Stem: 5-8 cm long and 2-4 mm thick; tough; dark brown to reddish brown; the surface breaking up into patches and zones as the stem grows; more or less equal above a bulbous base.

Microscopic Features: Spores 3.5-5 x 3.5-4 µ; subglobose to broadly elliptical or sublacrymoid; smooth; ochraceous in KOH; often with a prominent apiculus. Capillitial threads hyaline to ochraceous in KOH; 3.5-11 µ wide; walls often thickened; often encrusted.


REFERENCES: Bresadola, 1904. (Saccardo, 1912; Coker & Couch, 1928/1974; Long, 1946; Wright, 1987.) Herb. Kuo 10220901, 10230901.


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Tulostoma lloydii

Tulostoma lloydii

Tulostoma lloydii

Tulostoma lloydii

Tulostoma lloydii
Spores

Tulostoma lloydii
Capillitial thread



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Kuo, M. (2011, January). Tulostoma lloydii. Retrieved from the MushroomExpert.Com Web site: http://www.mushroomexpert.com/tulostoma_lloydii.html