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Key to Collybia, What Used to Be Collybia, and Mushrooms Kind of Like What Used to Be Collybias, in North America: Page Four [Growing terrestrially or on leaves or needles; stem without a root-like projection; stem typically less than 5 mm wide.] > Growing in grass or on disturbed ground (roadsides, landscaping areas, etc.). (1/2) ° Cap pinkish, often with a wrinkled margin; stem pinkish. (1/2) ° Not as above. (2/2) ~ Growing densely gregariously (often in Fairy Rings); mature cap typically broadly bell-shaped or with a broad "knob." (1/2) ~ Growing scattered to gregariously but not in fairy rings; mature cap nearly flat. (2/2) Stem 3-8 cm long; cap dark grayish brown, fading to tan. (1/2) Melanoleuca melaleuca species cluster Stem 1-3 cm long; cap buff brown, soon fading to nearly white. (2/2) > Growing in woods. (2/2) ° Odor and taste of garlic or onions. (1/2) Growing under hardwoods; cap to 6 cm, dark reddish brown, fading in age to nearly white; stem cinnamon to reddish brown, with white or grayish fuzz; spores 5.5-7 µ long. (1/2) Gymnopus polyphyllus Growing under conifers; cap to 2.6 cm, dingy brown, fading to buff; pale above, brownish below, fuzzy near the base; spores 8.5-10 µ long. (2/2) Gymnopus contrarius ° Odor and taste not of garlic or onions (but may be bitter, acrid, unpleasant, or not distinctive). (2/2) ~ (Fairly) easily recognized species. (1/2) Stem rusty brown and hairy, base spongy and soft (see photo); cap to 3.5 cm, wrinkled, reddish brown or paler; KOH or iron salts green on stem surface; gills crowded, whitish; spores 6-8.5 µ long, inamyloid; growing under hardwoods or conifers in eastern North America. (1/2) Gymnopus spongiosus Gill edges serrated in all stages of development (see photo); cap to 4.5 cm, dull cinnamon, smooth; spores 5.5-7.5 µ long, dextrinoid; growing under spruce or in swamps in eastern North America. (2/2) Rhodocollybia lentinoides ~ Not as above. (2/2) > Gills yellow, yellowish, or orangish. (1/3) ° Gills distant; growing in dense clusters. (1/2) Cap to 4 cm, brown to yellowish brown, sometimes fading at the margin; gills yellowish to creamy, sometimes becoming faintly brownish near the cap margin; stem to 8 cm x 3 mm, whitish above, yellowish brown or dark brown below; odor not distinctive or slightly pungent, taste not distinctive or slightly alkaline; spores 7-10 x 3-5 µ, spindle-shaped to elliptical; growing in humus under hardwoods; widely distributed. (1/1) Marasmius coaherens ° Gills close or crowded; growing scattered, gregariously, or occasionally in loose clusters. (2/2) Cap to 9 cm, purple; gills close, yellow; stem purplish to pinkish; odor and taste mealy or not distinctive; spores 3-4 x 2-3.5 µ; found in the Rocky Mountains and possibly westward. (1/4) Cap to 4 cm, honey yellow, fading in age to pale yellow or tawny; gills crowded, yellow to orange-yellow, fading to cream; stem pale yellow; odor fragrant or not distinctive, taste not distinctive; spores 5.5-6.5 x 2.5-3.5 µ; probably widely distributed. (2/4) Collybia subsulphurea Cap to 3 cm, dark brown, fading in age to buff; gills close or crowded, pale orangish yellow, becoming orangish buff; stem buff or orangish above, tawny brown below; odor not distinctive or unpleasant, taste metallic or unpleasant; spores 5.5-7 x 3-3.5 µ; probably widely distributed. (3/4) Gymnopus earleae Cap to 6.5 cm, yellowish to orangish yellow; gills close or crowded, yellowish, or with a pinkish cast; stem pale; spores 6-8 x 3-5 µ; found in eastern North America. (4/4) > Gills purplish. (2/3) Odor not distinctive; gills thick, often waxy. (1/2) See the Key to Laccaria Odor strong and unpleasant (variously described as smelling of garlic, radish, sauerkraut, gunpowder, etc.); gills narrow, not waxy. (2/2) Gymnopus iocephalus > Gills brown or brownish. (3/3) Cap to 3 cm, dark brown, fading in age to tan, wrinkled from the margin halfway to the center; gills close, grayish brown, fading to buff; stem to 5 cm x 3 mm, finely hairy, pale above, brown below; odor and taste not distinctive; spores 6-8.5 x 3.5-4 µ; reaction to KOH and iron salts not recorded, but probably negative; growing under conifers; found in California (introduced from Australia). (1/3) Gymnopus villosipes Cap to 3 cm, dark reddish brown, fading in age to cinnamon buff, the margin often wrinkled; gills close, brown, fading to chocolate brown; stem to 8 cm x 3 mm, smooth except for the fuzzy base, pale at the apex, dark reddish brown to blackish below; odor and taste not distinctive; spores 5.5-6.5 x 2-3 µ; all parts turning green with KOH or iron salts; growing under hardwoods; found in eastern North America, the Pacific Northwest, and Mexico. (2/3) Gymnopus alkalivirens Cap to 2 cm, dark reddish brown, fading in age to cinnamon, smooth or somewhat wrinkled in age; gills close, brown; stem to 6 cm x 3 mm, densely fuzzy near the base, brownish above, paler below; odor and taste not distinctive; spores 9-10 x 3.5-4 µ; negative with KOH or iron salts; growing under conifers; probably widely distributed. (3/3) Gymnopus putillus Cite this page as: Kuo, M. (2004, January). Key to Collybia, what used to be Collybia, and mushrooms kind of like what used to be Collybias, in North America: Page four. Retrieved from the MushroomExpert.Com Web site: http://www.mushroomexpert.com/collybioid_04.html © MushroomExpert.Com |
